It is said that the term "true polycoria" is overused, and used correctly when addressing congenital deformations of the iris. A patient with true polycoria experiences handicapped vision as well as stimulation of the retina in response to bright lights. In an eye without polycoria, the sphincter muscle is a part of the iris that functions to constrict and dilate the pupil. In cases of true polycoria there is an intact sphincter muscle, which contracts and dilates the pupils. To be considered true polycoria the extra pupil and the principal pupil must dilate and contract simultaneously with triggers such as light and administered drugs. In cases of true polycoria, there is an extra pupil that tends to be reactive to light and medication. There are no known or proposed trends in the occurrences of polycoria based on geographical location, age, gender, or season. The two kinds of polycoria are true polycoria and false pseudopolycoria. The prevalence of true polycoria is minimal. There have been cases diagnosed from age 3 to adulthood. ![]() These include (although not often) polar cataracts, glaucoma, abnormally long eyelashes, abnormal eye development, and poor vision. The general cause of polycoria is unknown, but there are some other eye conditions that are in association with polycoria. ![]() Polycoria is often congenital, however not diagnosed until adulthood. Polycoria is extremely rare, and other conditions are frequently mistaken for it. In the early history of China, double pupils were seen as a sign that a child would become a great king or sage. It results in decreased function of the iris and pupil, affecting the physical eye and visualization. It may be congenital or result from a disease affecting the iris. Polycoria is a pathological condition of the eye characterized by more than one pupillary opening in the iris.
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